F1 history starts from the late 19th century. In 1906 he conducted the first Grand Prix in "Le Mans", France. In the primary races were not imposed restrictions on the size and power of the racing cars, but with time and technology development situation started to become dangerous because the races were held on normal roads. That is why the organization decided to start to impose measures and requirements regarding size, weight and power of sports cars. After World War II in 1950 appeared and new name - the "Formula 1", today this track championship has become a true symbol of motorsport. Formula 1 is the most watched car racing in Europe and Asia. In the US it second only to local IndyCar and Nascar series.Competitions are held in five continents (Europe, Asia, Australia, North and South America). Represents the track championship that exists under the name F1 1950 Races are held on different tracks around the world, with a minimum mileage must be less than 320 km. Depending on the length of the tracks are made of 44 laps in the longest - Spa-Francorchamps, to 78 the shortest - Monte Carlo. The winner of the championship is broadcast on the basis of the most collected points during the season, and titles are awarded both drivers and constructors. The winner of a Grand Prix (Grand Prix), as they are called lanes, give 25 t., For second place - 18 t., For third - 15 t., For fourth - 12 t., 5-to - 10 t., for 6 to - 8 t., for the seventh - 6 t. for 8th - 4 t. for 9th - 2 t. and the 10th - one point. Seaters cars are specially prepared for the range of several hundred kilometers on the track at high speed. They are called fireballs and managed by professional pilots. Their speed on some tracks reached over 340 km / h on straight sections and more than 180 km / h turns. So Formula 1 most important is the safety of the pilots not have the background to leave and attraction for millions of viewers. The beginning of major changes in the security given by the unfortunate incident with Ayrton Senna on May 1, 1994, which became the cause of his death. That is why today the cars must meet very high requirements for strength and durability.F1 cars today are made of composite materials or more of polymers reinforced with carbon fiber baked in an autoclave and ensure greater chassis rigidity. From 2014 engines are 1.6-liter six-cylinder turbocharged. The maximum speed is limited to 15 000 rev / min. The gearbox is eight-speed, semi-automatic. All cars must have a reverse gear. Use rear-wheel drive. For better traction out of corners using the system TCS (system traction control). This system prevents rear wheel spin at the exit of turn. In 2014 tire supplier in Formula 1 is only one company - Pirelli. It delivers movements special tires which have a four-channel required by the FIA in order to reduce the adhesion of the tire to the track, and hence to improve the speed. Each tire is equipped with two cables that prevent its detachment from the car, even breaking the suspension. From 2007 mandatory use of two types of tires during the race - conventionally called "hard" and "soft".Softer tires are marked with a white stripe in one of the channels.An exception to this rule is in the rain. From 2009 are permitted and smooth tires (slicks). Due to the high speed that the cars from Formula 1 to reach in the front and rear of the car are put wings (called - antiwings) enhancing pressed to track and shaping the airflow around the chassis, so that they provide maximum stability when cornering .These wings are also called spoilers and found that theoretically at a speed exceeding 220 km / h, due to these and other aerodynamic elements, a car could not move smoothly along the ceiling of the tunnel, for example, as the clamping force exceeds the severity of car. The brakes are also particularly important for the safety of pilots and audience. They are manufactured by AP Racing and Brembo, which are part of the same concern, but the rivalry between them to supply better quality products is still disputed. F1 used carbon brake discs - maximum thickness - 28 mm, diameter 278 mm, and the pads are ceramic. This material is already widely used in other sports cars. Qualifying for a place in Formula 1 is always held the day before the race, which is always Saturday. Over the years, the method of determining the winner in qualifying was amended several times.In general terms, pilots are ranked best time for a tour. The pilot with the best time wins the "Poles" and started from pole position in the race, the pilot started a second time from the second starting position, etc. Shaping the starting order of the drivers and their arrangement at the start of the race is called the "starting grid". In 2013, the qualification shall be carried out in three stages, the first stage is 20 minutes and it ranked the 16 fastest of 22 drivers.The remaining pilots are arranged in places after a 16th time. The second phase lasts 15 minutes and it dropped next six slowest drivers, the remaining 10 fastest go to the third stage in which the fight for the best possible ranking of the grid. The six slowest be arranged in time. The third step is 10 minutes. The times of the competitors from the previous two steps are not taken into account and are crucial times in the third stage.
June 1995 (just before the Grand Prix of France 1995) FIA introduced the rule that contestants, whether in training time longer than 107% of the time the winner are not allowed to race , except for making special decision by the jury. Fastest lap in a race is one that is made with the highest average speed. Driver and constructor respectively achieved the highest average speed for a lap record achieved by the NSC for a givenrace. By 1959 regulations is encouraged pilots to seek to realizethe NSC in the race as it received 1 point in the race for world champion.
Grand prize in the "Formula 1" round of the FIA World Championship, part of the calendar of Formula 1. It is held once a year by the World Federation party.
FIA has extremely high requirements on security of tracks that will host the start of the Grand Prix. Therefore, if any of the tracks does not meet these requirements often drop out of the race to the calendar of the FIA round of the Championship.
F1 using the latest technology, which is often subsequently applied to production cars. Currently, the best teams are Mercedes, Red Bull-Renault, Williams, Ferrari, McLaren.
By 2013 budgets of the strongest teams are about 375 million. US dollars a year, while those of the weakest teams are about 75 million. US dollars annually. The teams rely on sponsorship money for 80% of its revenue. Some of the pilots in the poorer teams pay over 15 mln. US dollars for the opportunity to start his career there. Salaries for pilots dozens mln. US dollars.
During the 2013 season of Formula 1 is seen by 450 million.Viewers, up 50 million. Viewers than the previous season. BernieEcclestone expectations are changing engines with six-cylinderfrom the 2014 season to increase viewing figures of racing.
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